Scientiarum Historia Magazine

As ideias de Jean Piaget nos jornais brasileiros dos anos 1920

André Elias Morelli Ribeiro — 2025-06-01

The Swiss psychologist and epistemologist Jean Piaget has a fundamental role in the constitution of Brazilian psychology and was also influential in the field of education. However, there are few studies on the arrival and circulation of his ideas in the country. This study seeks to present and discuss the presence of Piagetian ideas in Brazilian newspapers from the 1920s. To do this, it uses as a historical source the newspapers available in the Brazilian Digital Library. Nine texts mentioning Piaget between 1925 and 1929 by journalists, educators, medical doctors and psychologists were located. The data shows that the 1920s were the period when Brazilian thinkers and intellectuals began to appropriate Piaget’s ideas, but they only mention him marginally. Journalists only record his presence at an event and a library; educators mention him alongside the prominent figure of Claparède; and medical doctors appropriate his ideas to defend different theses related to children. The exception is Sylvio Rabello, who shows a good knowledge of the Swiss psychologist and best discusses his ideas. The process of indigenization and the creation of Brazilian centers for the discussion of Piaget should really begin in the following decades, with the 1920s still being a time of initial rapprochement.

Anthropophagic picnic: bones are more important than gold

Lucia Helena Ramos de Souza — 2025-04-06

From reading the book The Fall of Heaven, written by a Yanomami shaman, we propose a brief look at ancestral, anthropophagic knowledge, based on the sacred, the common and the poetic. Which can be understood as an anthropophagic epistemology or knowledge from the other, the diverse, or, as a meeting place: an anthropophagic picnic - since the theme refers to the act of eating. But given the urgent needs of the world: conflicts, polarization, wars and the climate crisis, it is also urgent to think and observe, or “eat”, feed on, other ways of being in the world. A way in which not everything is a product or commodity, the result of exploration and accumulation, to satisfy some market, to obtain profit for a few. Ultimately, bones are worth more than gold.

The modernity of the idea of culture in modernist Brazil

Matheus Fernandes Manhães — 2025-06-29

The article discusses the history of the Brazilian incorporation of the concept of "culture," drawing on the controversy between Gilberto Freyre and Oliveira Viana. We argue that its hegemonization, dating from the early 20th century, was a response to the contradictions posed by the formation of the Brazilian state and the country’s late capitalist modernization. In this context, the concept of culture began to gain relevance through references to the German intellectual tradition, gradually replacing the notion of "civilization" as the key to understanding Brazilian social dynamics. In this process, Freyre played a decisive role: he articulated the concept of culture with the racial issue, distinguishing it from its European origins and consolidating its centrality in the Brazilian public debate.

Uma releitura de Sadi Carnot no ano do bicentenário da Termodinâmica

Agamenon R.E. Oliveira — 2025-06-01

Sadi Carnot entered the Paris Polytechnic School at a very young age. Having been born in 1796, in 1812 he entered that renowned educational institution. As a military engineer, he followed some actions of the French army, but it was the period of peace after Waterloo that provided the development of his talent for engineering disciplines. He studied mainly physics and economics, spending much of his time visiting industries and studying industrial organization and economics, having become an expert on trade and industry issues in several European countries. The most finished product of his studies was the publication, in 1824, of a small book, 118 pages long, entitled: Réflexions sur la puissance mortice du feu. The aforementioned work by Carnot, inaugurating the science of thermodynamics, lays the foundations and philosophical foundations for changing several paradigms already established in the sciences of the 19th century. Thermodynamics immediately presents itself as a new theory of machines, providing a solution and extending the limits imposed by Newtonian theory to explain machines, because energy degradation. In this work we will read some selected excerpts from his greatest work, highlighting the importance of the study of thermal machines for industrial development.

Percepção de imagens no videogame e cinema:

Thiago Ladislau — 2025-04-09

. We propose a transdisciplinar approach in order to analyze images in video games, with the aim of establishing a solid theoretical foundation and exploring the feasibility of framing video games within a neurophenomenological context aligned with their historical phenomenology. We address the negligence in neuroscience regarding the phenomenological processes involved in the perception of images in video games and emphasize the underestimation of the attractive and consumable qualities of these images in past generations. We argue that the diversity in image qualities in video games over the decades cannot be solely attributed to technical evolution. Drawing on studies from Game Studies, we highlight the unique characteristics of the gaming experience with these images and contend that immediate interactivity should not be the sole focus of neuroscientific analysis. Inspired by the neurophenomenology of cinema by Vittorio Gallese and Michele Guerra we conclude that a comparative analysis of both cinema and video games from a neurophenomenological perspective enriches the understanding of images in video games and highlights their multimodal complexity, thereby unfolding new possibilities in this field.

Autoethnographic Descriptions in performance:

Luciane Moreau Coccaro — 2025-04-09

The goal of this article is to describe the performative program used in the creation of the dance performance Lasts as long as a Cigarette! And Salome danced! Through autoethnographic description, the text begins by presenting Salome as a behavior doubly experienced and restored based on her traces in my trajectory as a dancer. The theoretical question presents Salome as an entity, under the anthropological approach of the Amerindian perspective of Viveiros de Castro (2004); and as a way of existence for me in drawing and singing (SOURIAU, 2021). The autoethnographic writing shows methodological aspects of the research that generated the performance inspired by Salome, in the sense of pointing out references in art and science.

Uma fenomenologia da corporeidade:

Mônica Clemente — 2025-04-09

This article aims to present the Integrative and Complementary Practice in Health (PICS) of Family Constellations, a phenomenological approach aligned with Merleau-Ponty's phenomenology, as an epistemological path for analyzing the letters of Antonin Artaud written at the Rodez sanatorium, particularly with regard to the Western intellectual trajectory that split the body and mind, transforming the innumerable states of being into mental illnesses. The goal is to demonstrate how this PICS, by taking the body as the subject of experience, reveals dimensions of the irrational, unconscious, dreamlike, and primitive as modalities of being. For this reason, this practice is a significant path to overcoming the mind-body dualism and to analyzing contexts of intersubjectivity that manifest in the body.

O céu, depois do James Webb ou O espaço cosmológico em quatro chaves

Italo Bruno Alves — 2025-05-01

This paper reacts to a particularity that is still little problematized in the contemporary condition of the visual arts: its development in the university field, expanded in recent decades by stricto sensu training, without however interacting in an expanded way with the potential of the privileged field for interdisciplinarity that is deposited in universities. Thus, this article aims to point to a possible production of visual knowledge from the observation of the sky, in four distinct ways, in their epistemologies, over millennia and, particularly, in the profound expansion of what we call the sky, from the launch of the James Webb Space Telescope. What we take from here with James Webb and, moreover, what from our historical past and visuality helps us deal with the rain of images that we access through his lenses.