Uma releitura de Sadi Carnot no ano do bicentenário da Termodinâmica

Agamenon R.E.  Oliveira

doi:10.51919/revista_sh.v1i1.490

Agamenon R.E. Oliveira Escola Politécnica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9408-7900

DOI: https://doi.org/10.51919/revista_sh.v1i1.490

Keywords: Thermodynamics History, Changes of Paradigm, Industrial Revolution, Entropy Concept

Abstract

Sadi Carnot entered the Paris Polytechnic School at a very young age. Having been born in 1796, in 1812 he entered that renowned educational institution. As a military engineer, he followed some actions of the French army, but it was the period of peace after Waterloo that provided the development of his talent for engineering disciplines. He studied mainly physics and economics, spending much of his time visiting industries and studying industrial organization and economics, having become an expert on trade and industry issues in several European countries. The most finished product of his studies was the publication, in 1824, of a small book, 118 pages long, entitled: Réflexions sur la puissance mortice du feu. The aforementioned work by Carnot, inaugurating the science of thermodynamics, lays the foundations and philosophical foundations for changing several paradigms already established in the sciences of the 19th century. Thermodynamics immediately presents itself as a new theory of machines, providing a solution and extending the limits imposed by Newtonian theory to explain machines, because energy degradation. In this work we will read some selected excerpts from his greatest work, highlighting the importance of the study of thermal machines for industrial development.

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Author Biography

Agamenon R.E. Oliveira, Escola Politécnica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro

Professor da Escola Politécnica da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) e pesquisador do CEPEL (Centro de Pesquisa em Energia Elétrica). Possui doutorado em Engenharia Mecânica (1982) e em História da Ciência (2006) (UFRJ). Suas contribuições científicas compreendem dois livros publicados, dois livros editados, um livro traduzido, cento e cinco artigos científicos e doze capítulos de livros publicados. A investigação abrange a História da Ciência no século XIX, centrando-se no desenvolvimento das ciências da engenharia e da matemática, e no desenvolvimento da ciência e da tecnologia no século XXI, especialmente nas novas tecnologias e nas suas implicações industriais.

References

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